兰花地生

❶ 兰花一般生长在什么环境下

兰花根据根系分为地生兰和气生兰2大类，气生兰也叫洋兰，生长在热带雨林地区，其裸露的根系可以直接从潮湿的空气中吸收水份：地生兰也叫中国兰，分布在中国南方地区，其中以浙川云地区为最，生长环境多以山涧处为主。

❷ 举例地生兰和气生兰的不同生长环境要求

附生兰就是气生兰
原则上人们把兰花分为地生兰和附生兰两类，室内兰花多属后者。
附生兰
热带地区的附生兰，因为地面上缺乏日照才导致这类植物不得不攀附树木或灌木生长，只有利用这种方式才能适应其生存环境的空气条件。它们不仅生有可以固定植株的气生根，还生有贮存营养和水分的肉质茎。但这些植物并非寄生植物。
房间中的原始森林
这些植物怎样才能在我们这里存活？最简单的办法是：把它们当作房间里的附生植物对待。即将其植于木框或塑料穿孔盆中，中间插上树枝或木杆，将附生兰沿木杆向上捆扎。当然，还需注意使空气、阳光空气湿及室温与热带环境相符。如有必要可在花房或玻璃棚温室中栽培。
关键因素：培养土
不论是置于窗台还是温室之中的盆栽兰花都可利用培养土人工营造附生的环境。这种情况下，兰花对培养土的要求相当高。土质疏松且富含空气。兰根需要透气良好的环境．故培养土不可压实。除了通风良好之外．使用含盐分少的软水浇花同样十分重要。
兰花的休眠期
生有假鳞茎的兰花(多数附生兰如此)需要一段休眠期。休眠期内兰花因不利的生长条件几乎完全停止生长。休眠期与季节无关，有些兰花的休眠期长达5个月之久，有的则只有3～4周。休眠期之后兰花开始生长新芽．也就是说．开始下一个生长周期．．
地生兰
最初兰花皆生于地面植根于土中。只是由于缺乏日照及生长速度较慢才不得不逐渐适应了更高处的环境。地生兰虽生干地面但也偏爱林中或草地里富含腐殖质的疏松土壤．，热带地生兰中最具代表性的当然是兜兰（Paphiopedilum）与大花惠兰（Cymbidium）但这两个兰种中并非所有兰花均为地生兰。生于地中海地区的兰花及许多山地兰花都属地生兰。
地生兰易吸收到水分，一般拥有持续的养分供给。但它们也需要休眠期。尤其是生有新块茎的兰花需要相当长的休眠期。其他的兰种．如热带兜兰．则在轻微降温或降水减少时即可进入休眠期。
与附生兰相比地生兰的根系在土中得到更好的保护。不利的环境条件如风、烈日和干燥对它的危害相对较少因此其根系可向四周发展。因地生兰的生存条件较附生兰为优故其抗恶劣环境的能力总的来说逊于附生兰。
地生兰的养护
地生兰的培养土不可干透，亦不可太湿。可视其生长情况施肥。移栽时需去除腐根及伤根。兰花的热带故乡虽然全年气候均衡．但许兰花多兰花却产于四季分明的地区，与此相适应的是它们具有特别长的休眠期，在冬季或干燥季节叶片脱落或完全停止生长。除此之外，地生兰与附生兰对环境的要求几乎没有区别，只是在换盆移栽时地生兰需要较细的培养土。
西藏虎头兰（Cymbidium tracyanum）生于缅甸高原地区，属地生兰。冬季可栽植于日照充分而凉爽的房间内。夏季可直接栽植于花园内。

❸ 兰花生长在什么地方

兰花又名兰草，是兰科兰属多年宿根草本植物。

兰花是我国传统栽培观赏的花卉，被誉为“天下第一香”。庭园、厅堂、几案、书桌陈设兰花，清幽芳香，格外清雅别致。

兰科植物是植物世界中种类最多、分布最广的一个大家庭，从温带、亚热带到热带雨林区域都可看到它们的踪影。

兰科植物基本上分为两类：地生兰和气生兰。全世界的兰科植物有450属17000多种，中国的兰科植物的148属1000多种，仅云南就占了100余属530种，全省遍布。

在中国古代艺术中，把它与竹、菊、梅并称为“花中四君子”，引喻了一个人不被世俗污染的高洁品格。如屈原《九歌》中的“春兰兮秋菊，长无绝兮终古”。

兰花是著名的云南八大名花之一。兰科植物在全世界约四百五十属一万七千多种，其中可栽培的约二千种。中国的兰科植物约一百四十八属一千零八十种。兰属共七十种，分为气生兰和地生兰两大类。气生兰原产于热带、亚热带，附生于树干和岩石上。地生兰原产于温带，一般供栽培观赏，主要分布在中国，所以也称中国兰花。云南是地生兰的一个主要产区，资源丰富，品种繁多，达三十多种，主要栽培品种有春兰、九节兰、蜜蜂兰、墨兰、虎头兰、剑兰等。在滇西的高黎贡山。兰花长满山谷，构成奇丽的景观，花色红、黄、白、绿，悦人耳目，花香情的飘逸，沁人肺腑。置身其境，对古人赞誉兰花为“空谷佳人”，倍觉贴切。

❹ 兰花的生长环境

兰性喜阴，怕阳光直射，喜湿润，忌干燥，喜肥沃、富含大量腐殖质、宜空气流通的环境。各地的气候、环境、都能影响兰花的生长，所以选择植料的方式不同。例如福建闽南一带，四季天气较暖和，不会太冷，兰花生长速度快，适合用小鹅卵石种植，第一、节省资源；第二、鹅卵石利于通风、不积水。

兰花养殖技术：
场地选择：要求四周空旷，通风良好，并靠近水面，空气湿润，无煤烟污染。场地的西南面，可种常绿阔叶树，郁闭度应在0.7左右，这样可减少午后阳光照射，调节湿度与温度。
浇水：以雨水或泉水为宜，不宜用含盐碱的水，如用自来水，应将水搁置数天后使用。浇水要看气温情况而定，春季浇水量宜少，夏季宜多；梅雨季节正值兰花抽生叶芽，盆土宜稍干；秋后天气转凉，浇水量酌减，保持湿润即可。冬季在室内宜干，减少浇水次数，且宜于中午时浇。兰花可淋小雨，但连续下雨或暴雨则易烂心、烂叶，故须注意防雨。
施肥：栽兰宜用饼肥，以草木灰4份、豆饼10份、骨粉10份混合拌匀，放于缸内，分几次加水，使豆饼浸涨为止，后加盖密封，经一年腐熟，再制成干粒。使用时放于盆面即可。如用全粪，也应经一年腐熟，掺水冲淡滤渣使用。一般从5月开始施肥，至立秋停肥，掌握薄肥多施。施肥应在傍晚进行，第二天清晨再浇1次清水。
遮阳及防寒：除早春及冬季外，都要放在露天棚下。荫棚要求通风良好，兰花在3～4月间刚出房时，可以多晒太阳，以后蔽荫时间渐增。冬季兰花须搬入室内防寒，室温保持1～2℃即可。另外，兰花在春季出房后，秋季进房前，也要注意防霜。

❺ 简述地生兰和附生兰的区别

这是根据兰花在自然界的生活类型来区分的。地生兰是指生于地面土壤之中的兰花，如春兰、蕙兰、寒兰和大部分兜兰等；而附生兰是指植株附着于某种寄主，如树枝、树干、岩石等上面，但仅仅是附着于寄主的表面，并不吸收其体内的养分的兰花，在我国港台地区又称作为着生兰、气生兰。许多洋兰都是附生兰，如卡特兰、万代兰等。从进化角度看，附生更是对环境的一种适应。但是在自然界中，地生兰大多生长在多石、腐殖质丰富、排水良好的地面上，与有些植物相比，多少也有一点附生的习性。有些兰花既能地生，也能附生，如兔耳兰、台兰。而有些附生兰种在土中也能生长发育良好，从这个意义上看两者也并没有明显的界限。此外，还有一种腐生兰，它一般无叶绿素，是靠与真菌共生而吸取养分的，如著名的药材天麻。

❻ 兰花原产地在那里

兰科植物是被子植物五大科之一，种类极多，分布地域也很广，仅在我国，就包括江浙、两湖、河南、安徽、福建、两广、台湾、云南、贵州、四川、重庆、贵州、江西等省、市、区。

❼ 兰花的地生兰有哪些种类

地生兰品种 地生兰品种有哪些？

白及Bletilla striata青钱柳∶吉山花瑶落叶，叶片4～6枚，狭长圆形或披针形，新叶鲜绿，多花，紫红色或粉红色，极美丽，花期4～5月。可在全光照下栽培，耐寒性极好，最适庭院的水景边、灌丛前、小路边或丛植于岩隙处。

❽ 兰花的生长习性

Wax light can be used to distinguish the green leaves and correct the extraordinary appearance of the crown of many English. A new sprout, round bean, from Zhijia to Fengming - learn a little every day, make a little progress every day!
If you want to ask what animal is the most intelligent, the answer should be human, because human beings know that things are for me. So what's the smartest plant? If you look at it from the perspective of using things for me, there's no doubt that orchids are the smartest plants in the world. During the process of seed germination, growth and flowering and fruiting, orchids need to use other organisms to help complete the life cycle of orchids.

Orchid seed has its own distinctive characteristics in plants, mainly in the following aspects.
First, the number is huge and uneven. One capsule of orchid (commonly known as POD) can have up to 4 million seeds, but the minimum is only 20-50 seeds, with a difference of 80000-200000 times.
Second, the seeds are very small. The seeds are generally 0.05-6 mm long and 0.01 to 0.9 mm wide (the diameter of a hair is generally 0.08 mm).
3. The seed structure is simple. The outer testa of orchid seeds accounts for most of them, but the embryo is very small. Generally, the size of embryo is only about 1110 of the seed size. The smallest embryo is 0.1 mm long and only 0.078 mm wide (equivalent to the diameter of a hair). The embryo of orchid seed has no cotyledon or endosperm, that is to say, the mother plant of orchid does not provide any substance to help its offspring (seed) germinate and grow early.
4. There are many air filled cavities in the outer seed coat of orchid seeds, so the orchid seeds are very light. The heaviest orchid seeds are only 14-17 centigrams (1 centigram is equal to 1 / 100 grams), and the lightest ones are only 0.3-0.4 centigrams. Such a light seed can float far away from the mother plant with the help of wind and settle down. At the same time, there is a layer of closely arranged cells on the surface of the seed coat of orchid, so that the water is not easy to penetrate into the seed quickly, so that the orchid seed can float on the water surface and float for a long distance. Of course, orchid seeds can also be spread by animals, such as adhering to animal fur or claws covered with mud, or feathers of birds. They can also be spread by animal feeding, and even by human activities. For example, a kind of fire orchid distributed in North America was spread from Europe to North America through human activities. The plants of Cymbidium spp. can only be seen on the surface of the earth, such as the plants of Orchidaceae, which are very high in calcium content, and can not be seen on the surface of the earth. We found more than 30 kinds of terrestrial orchids in a gully about 2.5 km long and 0.5 km wide in Huanglong scenic area of Sichuan Province, and tens of thousands of orchids grew together. Huanglonggou is a tuffaceous gully that graally rises from south to north. It is the unique travertine in the gully that provides suitable habitat for the growth of orchids and forms a completely different vegetation type with orchids as the main body from the adjacent gullies. Orchid seeds do not have any stored nutrients to help them germinate and grow. When orchid seeds germinate and grow together with the seeds of other plants with cotyledons or endosperm in the same lifetime, it is obvious that orchid seeds belong to the "vulnerable group", and their germination and seedling growth after germination cannot compete with other plants, because plants with cotyledons or endosperm germinate in seeds The stage and seedling stage can survive this critical and difficult period with the help of nutrients stored in cotyledons or endosperm. This is the main reason why orchids always grow in special habitats where other plants are difficult to grow. So how does orchid seed germinate and grow in these special habitats? The secret is that orchid seeds use fungi to help it absorb nutrients and water ring germination and growth. It has been found that orchid seeds must be assisted by fungi when they germinate under natural conditions. Some orchid species need fungi to help them absorb nutrients and water ring the whole development process from seed germination to seedling, growth and mature plants, which is the case for saprophytic orchids without chlorophyll. If there is an orchid in Australia that grows under the earth's surface all its life, there must be fungi to help it absorb nutrients and complete its life cycle. Even some species need different kinds of fungi to help at different stages of growth and development. The most typical example is Gastrodia elata, a famous medicinal plant. Through nearly 30 years of research, Chinese scientists first found that Gastrodia elata seeds need to use fungi called small mushrooms to help them obtain nutrition and germinate. After the germinated seedlings (protocorms) grow other propagation bulbs, they need to cooperate with a fungus called Armillaria mellea to help them grow and develop. Some orchid species do not need the help of fungi after the seedling growth stage, but fungi still exist in the roots and even stems of these orchids. Some of these fungi are beneficial to the orchid, while others are not. Therefore, in the critical and difficult period of germination and seedling growth, tiny orchid seeds skillfully rely on the help of fungi to survive in places where other plants are difficult to survive.

In the process from seed to seedling, orchid adopts a strategy of wide planting and thin harvest, which proces a large number of seeds, but only a few seeds can germinate, grow and finally grow into mature plants. However, in the process from flowering to fruiting, a completely different strategy was adopted. orchid

❾ 兰花主要生长在哪些地方

兰大部分品种都原产于中国，因此又世人称为中国兰，并列为中国十大名花之首。专中国属兰花主要为春兰、蕙兰、建兰、寒兰、墨兰五大类，有上千种园艺品种。在第10届亚太兰花大会在中国重庆开幕。此间，一株名为“素冠荷鼎”的莲瓣兰估价1500万人民币，成为此次兰花大会上的“天价”兰花。此次兰花大会共评出两个特别金奖，分别是：由日本名古屋国际兰花大会组委会永田治彦选送的微中子碧玉兰“龙袍”，和由中国云南大理荡山州选送的莲瓣兰“素冠荷鼎”。据介绍，获奖的莲瓣兰“素冠荷鼎”是中国云南大理荡山州兰园的镇园之宝，有人曾出1200万未能购走，该兰花估价1500万人民币。莲瓣兰“素冠荷鼎”姿态非常优美。