數英七夕

A. 七夕用英語怎麼說

中國的七夕節的英文是:

Chinese Valentine's Day
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七夕的英文介紹

Double Seventh Festival

The Double Seventh Festival, on the 7th day of the 7th lunar month, is a traditional festival full of romance. It often goes into August in the Gregorian calendar

This festival is in mid-summer when the weather is warm and the grass and trees reveal their luxurious greens. At night when the sky is dotted with stars, and people can see the Milky Way spanning from the north to the south. On each bank of it is a bright star, which see each other from afar. They are the Cowherd and Weaver Maid, and about them there is a beautiful love story passed down from generation to generation.

Long, long ago, there was an honest and kind-hearted fellow named Niu Lang (Cowhand). His parents died when he was a child. Later he was driven out of his home by his sister-in-law. So he lived by himself herding cattle and farming. One day, a fairy from heaven Zhi Nu (Weaver Maid) fell in love with him and came down secretly to earth and married him. The cowhand farmed in the field and the Weaver Maid wove at home. They lived a happy life and gave birth to a boy and a girl. Unfortunately, the God of Heaven soon found out the fact and ordered the Queen Mother of the Western Heavens to bring the Weaver Maid back.

With the help of celestial cattle, the Cowhand flew to heaven with his son and daughter. At the time when he was about to catch up with his wife, the Queen Mother took off one of her gold hairpins and made a stroke. One billowy river appeared in front of the Cowhand. The Cowhand and Weaver Maid were separated on the two banks forever and could only feel their tears. Their loyalty to love touched magpies, so tens of thousands of magpies came to build a bridge for the Cowhand and Weaver Maid to meet each other. The Queen Mother was eventually moved and allowed them to meet each year on the 7th of the 7th lunar month. Hence their meeting date has been called "Qi Xi" (Double Seventh).

Scholars have shown the Double Seventh Festival originated from the Han Dynasty (206 BC-AD220). Historical documents from the Eastern Jin Dynasty (AD371-420) mention the festival, while records from the Tang Dynasty (618-907) depict the grand evening banquet of Emperor Taizong and his concubines. By the Song (960-1279) and Yuan (1279-1368) dynasties, special articles for the "Qi Xi" were seen being sold on markets in the capital. The bustling markets demonstrated the significance of the festival.

Today some traditional customs are still observed in rural areas of China, but have been weakened or diluted in urban cities. However, the legend of the Cowhand and Weaver Maid has taken root in the hearts of the people. In recent years, in particular, urban youths have celebrated it as Valentine's Day in China. As a result, owners of flower shops, bars and stores are full of joy as they sell more commodities for love.
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【常識】 → 七夕節的由來（中英文介紹）

很久以前，有一個跟著哥嫂過活的孤兒，既聰明又勤快，可嫂嫂仍嫌棄他，天不亮就趕他上山放牛，大家都叫他牛郎。幾年後，哥嫂和牛郎分了家，狼心的嫂嫂只給他一間破茅房、一頭老牛。從此，牛郎白天放牛、砍柴，晚上就和老牛同睡在那間破茅房內。一天，牛郎趕牛走進了一片陌生的樹林，這里山青水秀、鳥語花香。牛郎見到九個仙女駕著祥雲落在河的草地上，然後脫去五彩霓裳，跳進清澈見底的河水裡，牛郎盯著一個最年輕是美麗的仙女看入了神，這時老牛突然說話了：「她是天上的織女，只要拿走五彩霓裳，她就會做你的妻子。」牛郎悄悄地沿著樹從，悄悄拿走了織女的五彩霓裳。天近午時，其他仙女紛紛穿起五彩霓裳，駕著祥雲而去。唯獨找不到五彩霓裳的織女留下了。這時，牛郎從樹後走出，請求織女做他的妻子。織女見牛郎忠厚老實，勤勞健壯，便脈脈含羞地點了點頭。 牛郎織女喜結良緣後，男耕女織，互敬互愛。兩年後，織女生下一男一女。然而天帝聞知織女下嫁人間，勃然大怒。七月初七，王母奉旨帶著天兵天將捉了織女。悲痛欲絕的牛郎在老牛的幫助下，用蘿筐挑著兒女追上天去。眼看追上了，王母拔下金簪一劃，牛郎腳下立刻出現一條波濤洶涌的天河。 肝腸寸斷的織女和肩挑兒女的牛郎，一個在河東一個在河西，遙望對泣。哭聲感動了喜鵲，霎時無數的喜鵲飛向天河，搭起一座鵲橋，牛郎織女終於可以在鵲橋上相會了。王母無奈，只好允許牛郎織女每年的七月初七在橋上相會一次。

當然，這只是個傳說。乞巧的儀式源自古代織女桑神的原始信仰。這種信仰結合了牛郎織女每年七月七日相會的說法，成了我們今時今日的七夕七巧民間信仰 。

在我國，農歷七月初七，人們俗稱「七夕節」，也有人稱之為「乞巧節」或「女兒節」，這是中國傳統節日中最具浪漫色彩的一個節日，也是過去姑娘們最為重視的日子。其實不僅僅是漢族，壯族、滿族、朝鮮族等也有過「七夕節」的習俗。不過，隨著西方「情人節」流入中土，「七夕節」逐漸又被人稱為中國的「情人節」。然而她在年輕人中的影響力，卻遠不及每年陽歷2月14日的西方「情人節」。不光如此，象這樣歷史悠久且文化內涵深厚、有如此美麗傳說的節日，竟越來越不受社會重視，越來越受冷落，是世界變化得太快？還是節日不夠現代跟不上時代？牛郎織女難道真的會被中國人遺棄嗎？「七夕節」受冷落迫使我們的目光又聚焦到中國傳統節日的興衰上。農歷七月初七——七夕節

民間愛情傳說之一的牛郎織女的故事。

七夕節始終和牛郎織女的傳說相連，這是一個很美麗，千古流傳的愛情故事，是我國四大民間愛情傳說之一。

相傳在很早以前，南陽城西牛家莊里有個聰明、忠厚的小夥子，父母早亡，只好跟著哥哥嫂子度日，嫂子馬氏為人狠毒，經常虐待他，逼他干很多的活，一年秋天，嫂子逼他去放牛，給他九頭牛，卻讓他等有了十頭牛時才能回家，牛郎無奈只好趕著牛出了村。

……

一天，天上的織女和諸仙女一起下凡游戲，在河裡洗澡，牛郎在老牛的幫助下認識了織女，二人互生情意，後來織女便偷偷下凡，來到人間，做了牛郎的妻子。織女還把從天上帶來的天蠶分給大家，並教大家養蠶，抽絲，織出又光又亮的綢緞。

牛郎和織女結婚後，男耕女織，情深意重，他們生了一男一女兩個孩子，一家人生活得很幸福。但是好景不長，這事很快便讓天帝知道，王母娘娘親自下凡來，強行把織女帶回天上，恩愛夫妻被拆散。

牛郎上天無路，還是老牛告訴牛郎，在它死後，可以用它的皮做成鞋，穿著就可以上天。牛郎按照老牛的話做了，穿上牛皮做的鞋，拉著自己的兒女，一起騰雲駕霧上天去追織女，眼見就要追到了，豈知王母娘娘拔下頭上的金簪一揮，一道波濤洶涌的天河就出現了，牛郎和織女被隔在兩岸，只能相對哭泣流淚。他們的忠貞愛情感動了喜鵲，千萬只喜鵲飛來，搭成鵲橋，讓牛郎織女走上鵲橋相會，王母娘娘對此也無奈，只好允許兩人在每年七月七日於鵲橋相會。

後來，每到農歷七月初七，相傳牛郎織女鵲橋相會的日子，姑娘們就會來到花前月下，抬頭仰望星空，尋找銀河兩邊的牛郎星和織女星，希望能看到他們一年一度的相會，乞求上天能讓自己能象織女那樣心靈手巧，祈禱自己能有如意稱心的美滿婚姻，由此形成了七夕節。

Chinese Valentine''s Day

Raise your head on August 4 and gaze at the stars, you will find something romantic going on in the sky.

VALENTINE''S Day in China, the seventh day of the seventh lunar month, falls on August 4 this year.

That is, on Monday evening, Niu Lang and Zhi Nu will meet on a bridge of magpies（鵲橋） across the Milky Way（銀河）. Chinese grannies will remind children that they would not be able to see any magpies on that evening because all the magpies have left to form a bridge in the heavens with their wings.

Romantic legend

The legend has been handed down for nearly 2 millennia. The story has been recorded as far back as the Jin Dynasty (256-420 AD). Poets composed hundreds of verses on the love story and many types of Chinese opera tell the story.

The Chinese people believe that the star Vega（織女星）, east of the Milky Way, is Zhi Nu and, at the constellation of Aquila（天鷹座）, on the western side of the Milky Way, Niu Lang waits for his wife.

Zhi Nu was said to be the youngest of seven daughters of the Queen of Heaven. With her sisters, she worked hard to weave beautiful clouds in the sky, while Niu Lang was a poor orphan cowherd, driven out of his home by his elder brother and his cruel wife.

Niu Lang lamented over his lonely and poor life with an old cow, his only friend and companion. The magical cow kindly told him of a way to find a beautiful and nice woman as his life companion.

Under the direction of the cow, Niu Lang went to the riverside on an evening, where the seven fairies slipped out of their heavenly palace to bathe.

He took one of the beautiful silk dresses the fairies had left on the bank. When the fairies left the water, the youngest couldn''t find her clothes and had to see her sisters fly back to heaven without her.

Then Niu Lang came out with the dress and asked the youngest fairy, Zhi Nu, to stay with him.

Several years passed on Earth, which were only a few days in heaven. Niu Lang and Zhi Nu lived happily together and had two children before the Queen of Heaven discovered Zhi Nu''s absence.

She was so annoyed she had Zhi Nu brought back to heaven. Seeing his beloved wife flying in the sky, Niu Lang was terrified. He caught sight of the cowhide hanging on a wall. The magical cow had told him before dying of old age: "Keep the cowhide（牛皮） for emergency use."

Putting the cowhide on, he went after his wife with his two children.

With the help of the cowhide, Niu Lang was able to follow Zhi Nu into heaven. He was about to reach his wife when the Queen showed up and pulled off her hairpin to draw a line between the two. The line became the Silver River in heaven, or the Milky Way.

Zhi Nu went back to the heavenly workshop, going on weaving the clouds. But she was so sad, and missed her husband across the Silver River so much that the clouds she weaved seemed sad. Finally, the Queen showed a little mercy, allowing the couple to meet once every year on the Silver River.

Well-known poem

One of the most famous poems about the legend was written by Qin Guan of in the Song Dynasty (960-1279).

Fairy Of The Magpie Bridge

Among the beautiful clouds,
Over the heavenly river,
Crosses the weaving maiden.

A night of rendezvous,
Across the autumn sky.

Surpasses joy on earth.
Moments of tender love and dream,
So sad to leave the magpie bridge.

Eternal love between us two,
Shall withstand the time apart.
(Translated by Kylie Hsu)

鵲橋仙
宋·秦觀
織雲弄巧
飛星傳恨
銀漢迢迢暗度

金風玉露一相逢
便勝卻人間無數

柔情似水
佳期如夢
忍顧鵲橋歸路

兩情若是久長時
又豈在朝朝暮暮

Compared with love stories in Western legends, the story of Niu Lang and Zhi Nu seems not as intense or passionate. Love doesn''t kill or break up the barrier between them. They just wait patiently on the riverbank, believing that their love can withstand their time apart.

It is faith and emotional liaison instead of physical attraction and desire that is emphasized in the story as well as in many other Chinese folktales（民間故事） about love.

In only a few Chinese folk love stories can be found a description of the physical appearances of the hero and heroine.

In the "Butterfly Lovers", the heroine, dressed as a boy to attend school, falls in love with a classmate. After they have lived together as classmates for years, the hero did not have the slightest clue that his best friend is actually a girl!

Chinese ceremonies

The seventh day of the seventh lunar month is the only Chinese festival devoted to love in the Lunar calendar.

Unlike St. Valentine''s Day in Western countries there is not so much emphasis on giving chocolates, flowers and kisses. Instead, Chinese girls prepare fruits, melons and incense（熏香） as offerings to Zhi Nu, the weaving maiden, praying to acquire high skills in needlecraft（裁縫）, as well as hoping to find satisfactory husbands.

In the evening, people sit outdoors to observe the stars. Chinese grannies would say that, if you stand under a grapevine, you can probably overhear what Zhi Nu and Niu Lang are talking about.

B. 七夕節風俗是什麼

七夕節，中國的傳統節日，你了解它的風俗嗎？以下是對七夕節風俗的詳細介紹，希望對你有所幫助！
1. 穿針乞巧
穿針乞巧是七夕節最早的乞巧方式，始於漢代，傳承至今。《西京雜記》記載：「漢彩女常以七月七日穿七孔針於開襟樓，人俱習之。」南朝梁宗謀《荊楚歲時記》說：「七月七日，是夕人家婦女結綵樓穿七孔外，或以金銀愉石為針。」《輿地誌》稱：「齊武帝起層城觀，七月七日，宮人多登之穿針。世謂之穿針樓。」五代王仁裕《開元天寶遺事》記載：「七夕，宮中以錦結成樓殿，高百尺，上可以勝數十人，陳以瓜果酒炙，設坐具，以祀牛女二星，妃嬪各以九孔針五色線向月穿之，過者為得巧之侯。動清商之曲，宴樂達旦。土民之家皆效之。」元陶宗儀《元氏掖庭錄》說：「九引台，七夕乞巧之所。至夕，宮女登台以五彩絲穿九尾針，先完者為得巧，遲完者謂之輸巧，各出資以贈得巧者焉。」
2. 曬書、曬衣
據《輿地誌》記載，司馬懿當年因位高權重，頗受曹操猜忌，為求自保，他裝瘋病躲在家裡。魏武帝仍然不大放心，就派了一個親信令史暗中探查。時值七月七日，裝瘋的司馬懿也在家中曬書。令史回去稟報魏武帝，魏武帝馬上下令要司馬懿回朝任職，否則即可收押。司馬懿只乖乖的遵命回朝。另有一種人，在亂世中，以放浪形骸來表達中的郁悶。他們藐視禮法，反對時俗。劉義慶的《世說新語》卷二十五說，七月七日人人曬書，只有郝隆跑到太陽底下去躺著，人家問他為什麼，他回答：「我曬書」。這一方面是蔑視曬書的習俗，另一方面也是誇耀自己腹中的才學。曬肚皮也就是曬書。漢代曬衣的風俗在魏晉時為豪門富室製造了誇耀財富的機會。名列「竹林七賢」的阮咸就瞧不起這種作風。七月七日，當他的鄰居曬衣時，只見架上全是陵羅綢緞，光彩奪目。而阮咸不慌不忙的用竹竿挑起一件破舊的衣服，有人問他在干什麼，他說：「未能免俗，聊復爾耳!」由這幾則小故事看來，就知道當時七夕曬書、曬衣的風俗有多盛了。
3. 種生求子
舊時習俗，在七夕前幾天，先在小木板上敷一層土，播下粟米的種子，讓它生出綠油油的嫩苗，再擺一些小茅屋、花木在上面，做成田舍人家小村落的模樣，稱為「殼板」，或將綠豆、小豆、小麥等浸於磁碗中，等它長出敷寸的芽，再以紅、藍絲繩紮成一束，稱為「種生」，又叫「五生盆」或「生花盆」。南方各地也稱為「泡巧」，將長出的豆芽稱為巧芽，甚至以巧芽取代針，拋在水面乞巧。還用蠟塑各種形象，如牛郎、織女故事中的人物，或禿鷹、鴛鴦、等動物之形，放在水上浮游，稱之為「水上浮」。又有蠟制的嬰兒玩偶，讓婦女買回家浮於水土，以為宜子之祥，稱為「化生」。
七夕飲食文化
吃面條
另外這一天有吃面的習俗，這一天往往跟中國的24節氣以外的三個雜節氣，一個雜節氣就是三伏，還有一個是暑九，還有一個南方的雷雨。大家都知道頭伏餃子，二伏面。而且吃面意味著挑壽，面挑得越高，人就越長壽。還有為織女擺貢。面條可以做，抻面最好，它象徵著巧，而且象徵你以後的性格能屈能伸，特別是能男孩子抻面或者給丈夫抻面，而且具有韌性，說明你出去做人也要有韌性，你迅鉛的事業才能夠成功。丈夫的夫本來就是天字出頭叫夫，丈夫為天，妻子為地，面抻出頭上，天就為夫，就可以闖出一番事業。另外闖盪出來，還要祝福婆婆公公健康長壽。
分豆求緣
很多人不知道，七夕節還與分豆結緣。每年七月初七，各家各戶都要分食蠶豆，謂之「咬鬼頭」，取驅邪的意思。「分豆結緣」是福州七夕節特有的風俗。此俗緣出郊區，後傳入城中。節日里福州人相互贈送蠶豆，並在七夕夜月光下分啃蠶豆談天說地，以作結緣紀念。七夕成為促進家人和睦、朋友緣深、鄰里友好相處的「結緣節」。平日，小孩、鄰里之搭脊間難免會磕磕知昌滲碰碰，蠶豆一分，積怨便煙消雲散了。
瓜果
七夕是以瓜果為主，因為這個時候瓜果下來了，特別是西瓜。而且這個時候最忌諱的是不吃梨，大家在這一天吃梨，就和巧距離得更遠。所以一般這天女孩子都不吃梨。七夕的時候放桃，將來到了中秋，我們供月供娘娘都放。另外這個時候，端午節剛過之後，還有一些剩的櫻桃，一般都喜歡采來。大家為什麼要用櫻桃，五月是熱月，過去了，七月是分離的月，又進入酷暑，疾病開始蔓延，蚊蠅很多，櫻桃像小燈籠一樣，代表日子紅紅火火，第二，民間還這樣認為，英雄一來，妖魔鬼怪統統逃跑了。還有桑葚，吃了白桑葚，象徵著我從現在一直到天冷，吃菜或者水果的時候吃不了蟲子，黑桑葚如果在這天吃就吃不到蒼蠅屎。
廣州七夕節的習俗
在我國南方的重鎮，廣州，乞巧節有著其十分獨特的風俗習慣，那就是迎仙。所謂迎仙，包含了如下的內容，乞巧節到來之前，年輕的姑娘們就預先備好用彩紙、通草、線繩等，編製成各種奇巧的小玩藝，用來和兒童們逗樂。同時，還會准備一些谷種和綠豆，放入小盒裡用水浸泡，使之發芽，待芽長到二寸多長時，用來拜神，稱為「拜仙禾」和「拜神菜」。從七月初六晚開始至初七晚，一連兩晚，姑娘們穿上新衣服，戴上新首飾，一切都安排好後，便焚香點燭，對星空跪拜，稱為「迎仙」，自三更至五更，要連拜七次。姑娘們迎仙拜仙之後，手執綵線對著燈影將線穿過針孔，如一口氣能穿七枚針孔者叫得巧，被稱為巧手，穿不到七個針孔的叫輸巧。乞巧節日過後，姑娘們將所製作的小工藝品、玩具互相贈送，以表達友愛之情。其實所謂的迎仙，從字面上解釋，就是迎接仙女，也就是迎接織女，因而從這一點上和其他地方的七夕節是差別不大，大同小異而已，不同的地方就是，同樣是迎接織女，習俗的名稱不一樣，迎仙的活動內容會有一些出入，僅此而已。
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